Autism Spectrum Disorders (Pervasive Developmental Disorders)

References

¹ American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders: DSM-IV-TR (fourth edition, text revision). Washington DC: American Psychiatric Association, 2000.

² Filipek PA, Accardo PJ, Baranek GT, Cook Jr. EH, Dawson G, Gordon B, Gravel JS, Johnson CP, Kellen RJ, Levy SE, Minshew NJ, Prizant BM, Rapin I, Rogers SJ, Stone WL, Teplin S, Tuchman RF, Volkmar FR. The screening and diagnosis of autism spectrum disorders. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 1999; 29(2): 439-484.

³ Yeargin-Allsopp M, Rice C, Karapurkar T, Doernberg N, Boyle C, Murphy C. Prevalence of Autism in a US Metropolitan Area. The Journal of the American Medical Association.. 2003 Jan 1;289(1):49-55.

⁴ Newschaffer CJ (Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health). Autism Among Us: Rising Concerns and the Public Health Response [Video on the Internet]. Public Health Training Network, 2003 June 20. Available from: http://www.publichealthgrandrounds.unc.edu/autism/webcast.htm.

⁵ Volkmar FR. Medical Problems, Treatments, and Professionals. In: Powers MD, ed. Children with Autism: A Parent's Guide, Second Edition. Bethesda, MD: Woodbine House, 2000; 73-74.

⁶ Powers MD. What Is Autism? In: Powers MD, ed. Children with Autism: A Parent's Guide, Second Edition. Bethesda, MD: Woodbine House, 2000, 28.

⁷ Smalley SI. Autism and tuberous sclerosis. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 1998; 28(5): 407-414.

⁸ Filipek PA, Accardo PJ, Ashwal S, Baranek GT, Cook Jr. EH, Dawson G, Gordon B, Gravel JS, Johnson CP, Kallen RJ, Levy SE, Minshew NJ, Ozonoff S, Prizant BM, Rapin I, Rogers SJ, Stone WL, Teplin SW, Tuchman RF, Volkmar FR. Practice parameter: screening and diagnosis of autism. Neurology, 2000; 55: 468-479.

⁹ Baird G, Charman T, Baron-Cohen S, Cox A, Swettenham J, Wheelwright S, Drew A. A screening instrument for autism at 18 months of age: A 6-year follow-up study. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 2000; 39: 694-702.

¹⁰ Robbins DI, Fein D, Barton MI, Green JA. The modified checklist for autism in toddlers: an initial study investigating the early detection of autism and pervasive developmental disorders. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2001; 31(2): 149-151.

¹¹ Stone WL, Coonrod EE, Ousley OY. Brief report: screening tool for autism in two-year-olds (STAT): development and preliminary data. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2000; 30(6): 607-612.

¹² Berument SK, Rutter M, Lord C, Pickles A, Bailey A. Autism Screening Questionnaire: diagnostic validity. British Journal of Psychiatry, 1999; 175: 444-451.

¹³ Ehlers S, Gillberg C, Wing L. A screening questionnaire for Asperger syndrome and other high-functioning autism spectrum disorders in school age children. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 1999; 29(2): 129-141.

¹⁴ Garnett MS, Attwood AJ. The Australian scale for Asperger's syndrome. In: Attwood, Tony. Asperger's Syndrome: A Guide for Parents and Professionals. London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers, 1997.

¹⁵ Scott FJ, Baron-Cohen S, Bolton P, Brayne C. The Cast (Childhood Asperger Syndrome Test): preliminary development of a UK screen for mainstream primary-school-age children. Autism, 2002; 2(1): 9-31.

¹⁶ Tadevosyan-Leyfer O, Dowd M, Mankoski R, Winklosky B, Putnam S, McGrath L, Tager-Flusberg H, Folstein SE. A principal components analysis of the autism diagnostic interview-revised. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 2003; 42(7): 864-872.

¹⁷ Lord C, Risi S, Lambrecht L, Cook EH, Leventhal BL, DiLavore PC, Pickles A, Rutter M. The autism diagnostic observation schedule-generic: a standard measure of social and communication deficits associated with the spectrum of autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2000; 30(3): 205-230.

¹⁸ Van Bourgondien ME, Marcus LM, Schopler E. Comparison of DSM-III-R and childhood autism rating scale diagnoses of autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 1992; 22(4): 493-506.

¹⁹ Department of Health and Human Services. Mental Health: A Report of the Surgeon General. Rockville, MD: Department of Health and Human Services, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Center for Mental Health Services, National Institute of Mental Health, 1999.

²⁰ Lovaas OI. Behavioral treatment and normal educational and intellectual functioning in young autistic children. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 1987; 55: 3-9.

²¹ McEachin JJ, Smith T, Lovaas OI. Long-term outcome for children with autism who received early intensive behavioral treatment. American Journal on Mental Retardation, 1993; 97: 359-372.

²² Couper JJ, Sampson AJ. Children with autism deserve evidence-based intervention. Medical Journal of Australia, 2003; 178: 424-425.

²³ American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Children With Disabilities. The pediatrician's role in the diagnosis and management of autistic spectrum disorder in children. Pediatrics, 2001; 107(5): 1221-1226.

²⁴ Dunlap G, Foxe L. Teaching students with autism. ERIC EC Digest #E582, 1999 October.

²⁵ Autism Society of America. Biomedical and Dietary Treatments (Fact Sheet) [cited 2004], 2003. Bethesda, MD: Autism Society of America.

²⁶ McDougle CJ, Stigler KA, Posey DJ. Treatment of aggression in children and adolescents with autism and conduct disorder. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 2003; 64 (supplement 4): 16-25.

²⁷ Research Units on Pediatric Psychopharmacology Network. Risperidone in children with autism and serious behavioral problems. New England Journal of Medicine, 2002; 347(5): 314-321.

²⁸ Hviid A, Stellfeld M, Wohlfahrt J, Melbye M. Association between thimerosal-containing vaccine and autism. JAMA, 2003; 290(13): 1763-1766.

²⁹ Akshoomoff N, Pierce K, Courchesne E. The neurobiological basis of autism from a developmental perspective. Development and Psychopathology, 2002; 14: 613-634.

³⁰ Korvatska E, Van de Water J, Anders TF, Gershwin ME. Genetic and immunologic considerations in autism. Neurobiology of Disease, 2002; 9: 107-125.

³¹ Courchesne E. Carper R, Akshoomoff N. Evidence of brain overgrowth in the first year of life in autism. JAMA, 2003; 290(3): 337-344.

This brochure was written by Margaret Strock, Public Information and Communications Branch, NIMH. Scientific information and review were provided by NIMH staff members Stephen Foote, MD; Ann Wagner, Ph.D.; Audrey Thurm, Ph.D.; Benjamin Vitiello, MD; Douglas Meinecke, Ph.D.; and Judith Cooper, Ph.D., National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders. Editorial assistance was provided by Ruth Dubois and Antoinette Cooper.

NIMH

NIH Publication No.04-5511
April 2004,
Addendum February 2007